1. What is this item?

Levelling and grading refer to reshaping the land surface to ensure uniform slope and proper drainage. This is especially crucial for farms prone to water stagnation or uneven nutrient distribution. It improves irrigation efficiency, ease of movement for machinery, and long-term soil health.

2. How is the Quantity Estimated?

It is typically measured in cubic meters (m³) of soil to be moved, or in hectares if a bulk rate is applied. A detailed topographic survey usually precedes this, and the requirement is based on:

o Natural undulations on site

o Type of crop to be cultivated (precision crops vs. forestry)

o Water drainage plan

o Machinery access needs

3. What are the Cost Components for this item?

o Surveying and planning (₹2,000–₹5,000/ha)

o Hiring machinery like bulldozers, graders, and tractors (₹900–₹1,500/hour)

o Fuel and operator wages

o Site supervision and post-levelling assessment

o If manual work is needed in parts, labor costs (₹400–₹600/day per worker)

4. What are the Going Rates and How is the Per Unit Rate Calculated?

For medium-sized farms (10–25 acres), the cost is generally bundled per hectare. Rates can vary between ₹8,000 to ₹25,000 per hectare, depending on soil hardness, slope variability, and machinery time involved. In rugged terrain, per hectare rates may go up. Some vendors offer packages per acre or lump sum for entire plots after visual inspection.