Domain 4 — Agri Inputs & Farm Services Engineering and Systems (80); “From soil to smartphone — the toolkit that powers the farmer.”
4.1 Seeds, Genetics & Planting Material Science and Engineering
4.1.1 Improved & Hybrid Seeds Technologies
• 4.1.1.1 Hybrid Vegetables (Tomato, Brinjal, Capsicum)
• 4.1.1.2 Hybrid Cereals (Maize, Pearl Millet, Sorghum)
• 4.1.1.3 Hybrid Oilseeds & Pulses
4.1.2 Open Pollinated & Traditional Seeds Technologies
• 4.1.2.1 Seed Banks & Community Seed Systems
• 4.1.2.2 Heirloom Varieties Revival
• 4.1.2.3 Indigenous Rice & Millets
4.1.3 Tissue Culture & Micropropagation Technologies
• 4.1.3.1 Banana Tissue Culture Labs
• 4.1.3.2 Ornamentals & Floriculture
• 4.1.3.3 Forestry & Agroforestry Plants
4.1.4 GM & Genome-Edited Crops Technologies
• 4.1.4.1 Bt Cotton & New GM Traits
• 4.1.4.2 CRISPR Gene-Edited Crops
4.2 Fertilizers & Soil Nutrition Engineering and Science
4.2.1 Chemical Fertilizers Engineering
• 4.2.1.1 Urea, DAP, NPK Blends
• 4.2.1.2 Nano Fertilizers (IFFCO Nano Urea)
4.2.2 Organic & Biofertilizers Science and Engineering
• 4.2.2.1 Vermicompost & Manures
• 4.2.2.2 Biofertilizers (Azotobacter, Phosphate Solubilizers)
• 4.2.2.3 City Compost & Waste-Based Fertilizers
4.2.3 Soil Health Services Engineering
• 4.2.3.1 Soil Testing Labs (mobile vans, kiosks)
• 4.2.3.2 Digital Soil Mapping Platforms
• 4.2.3.3 Customized Fertilizer Advisory Apps
4.3 Crop Protection & Farm Health Systems
4.3.1 Pesticides & Biocontrol Systems
• 4.3.1.1 Synthetic Crop Protection Chemicals
• 4.3.1.2 Biopesticides (Neem, Botanicals, Microbial)
• 4.3.1.3 IPM Services (Integrated Pest Management)
4.3.2 Animal Health Inputs Systems
• 4.3.2.1 Veterinary Medicines
• 4.3.2.2 Vaccines & Diagnostics
• 4.3.2.3 Probiotics & Nutraceuticals
4.3.3 Digital Disease Diagnostics Tools and Technologies
• 4.3.3.1 AI-Powered Crop Scouting Apps
• 4.3.3.2 Image-Based Pest & Disease Detection
• 4.3.3.3 Drone-Based Crop Surveillance
4.4 Irrigation, Water & Energy Science and Technologies
4.4.1 Irrigation Hardware Engineering
• 4.4.1.1 Drip & Sprinkler Systems
• 4.4.1.2 Rain Guns & Micro-Sprayers
• 4.4.1.3 Solar Pumps
4.4.2 Water Management Systems and Design
• 4.4.2.1 Remote Water Scheduling Apps
• 4.4.2.2 IoT-Based Soil Moisture Sensors
• 4.4.2.3 AI Weather-Powered Irrigation Advisory
4.4.3 Water Harvesting & Conservation Engineering
• 4.4.3.1 Farm Ponds & Check Dams
• 4.4.3.2 Rooftop Rainwater Systems
• 4.4.3.3 Groundwater Recharge Models
4.5 Farm Mechanization & Robotics Technologies
4.5.1 Small & Affordable Machinery Design & Engineering
• 4.5.1.1 Power Tillers, Mini-Tractors
• 4.5.1.2 Crop-Specific Harvesters (e.g., Potato, Sugarcane)
4.5.2 Custom Hiring Centers Design and Development
• 4.5.2.1 Uber-for-Tractors Models (EM3, Trringo)
• 4.5.2.2 Drone-as-a-Service Platforms
• 4.5.2.3 Community Equipment Banks
4.5.3 Smart Robotics Engineering
• 4.5.3.1 Autonomous Weeders
• 4.5.3.2 Fruit Harvesting Robots
• 4.5.3.3 Robotic Sprayers & Drones
4.6 Digital Platforms for Farmer Systems
4.6.1 Information & Advisory Systems
• 4.6.1.1 Weather & Crop Advisory Apps (Skymet, RML AgTech)
• 4.6.1.2 Video/IVR-Based Farmer Training (Digital Green)
• 4.6.1.3 Multilingual AI Chatbots
4.6.2 Input Marketplaces Systems
• 4.6.2.1 Seeds/Fertilizer Online Shops (Agrostar, DeHaat)
• 4.6.2.2 Hyperlocal Agri Kiosks
• 4.6.2.3 B2B Input Supply Platforms
4.6.3 Farmer-Facing Financial Tech Platforms
• 4.6.3.1 Digital Lending Platforms
• 4.6.3.2 Farm Insurance Tech (GramCover, Skymet)
• 4.6.3.3 Kisan Credit Card Digital Enablement
4.7 Farmer Capacity Building & Networks
4.7.1 Extension & Advisory
• 4.7.1.1 NGO-Led Farmer Advisory
• 4.7.1.2 Govt. KVKs & Extension Portals
• 4.7.1.3 WhatsApp/Telegram Advisory Groups
4.7.2 Training & Skilling
• 4.7.2.1 Vocational Training in Mechanization
• 4.7.2.2 Women Farmer Skill Networks
• 4.7.2.3 Agri Drone Pilot Skilling
4.7.3 Social & Community Networks
• 4.7.3.1 Farmer Social Media Platforms (Krishify)
• 4.7.3.2 Peer-to-Peer Learning Circles
4.8 Financial Inclusion & Risk Management
4.8.1 Credit & Loans
• 4.8.1.1 NBFC Agri Lending Platforms
• 4.8.1.2 Microfinance for Agri Inputs
4.8.2 Insurance & Risk Tools
• 4.8.2.1 Crop Insurance (PMFBY)
• 4.8.2.2 Weather Index Insurance
4.8.3 Price Discovery & Hedging
• 4.8.3.1 Futures & Options for Farmers
• 4.8.3.2 Digital MSP Calculator Tools
4.9 Inclusive & Niche Services
4.9.1 Women Farmer Services
• 4.9.1.1 Input Kits Designed for Women
• 4.9.1.2 Gender-Sensitive Agri Platforms
4.9.2 Smallholder Services
• 4.9.2.1 Micro-Irrigation Tailored Packages
• 4.9.2.2 Low-Cost Mini-Machinery
4.9.3 Marginal Farmer Enablement
• 4.9.3.1 Community Buying Clubs
• 4.9.3.2 Group Insurance Models
4.10 Sustainability & Regenerative Input Models
4.10.1 Natural Farming Input Services
• 4.10.1.1 Jeevamrut, Beejamrut Startups
• 4.10.1.2 Desi Cow-Based Input Collectives
4.10.2 Carbon/Climate Services
• 4.10.2.1 Carbon Farming Advisory
• 4.10.2.2 Carbon Credit Aggregators for Farmers
4.10.3 Green Input Substitutes
• 4.10.3.1 Biodegradable Mulch Sheets
• 4.10.3.2 Biochar-Based Fertility Enhancers
