Domain 5 — Environment, Energy & Circular Economy SYSTEMS & Technologies (77);  “Turning waste into wealth, and energy into empowerment.”

5.1 Renewable & Clean Energy in Agriculture

5.1.1 Solar Energy Engineering

• 5.1.1.1 Solar Irrigation Pumps

• 5.1.1.2 Solar-Powered Cold Storages

• 5.1.1.3 Solar Dryers for Food Processing

• 5.1.1.4 Off-Grid Solar Microgrids for Villages

5.1.2 Wind Energy Engineering

• 5.1.2.1 Small Wind Turbines for Farms

• 5.1.2.2 Hybrid Wind-Solar Systems

5.1.3 Bioenergy Engineering

• 5.1.3.1 Biogas Plants for Dairies & Poultry Farms

• 5.1.3.2 Bio-CNG from Crop Residues

• 5.1.3.3 Biomass Gasifiers for Agro-Industries

5.1.4 Emerging Agri-Energy Models & Systems

• 5.1.4.1 Green Hydrogen from Agri Biomass

• 5.1.4.2 Micro-Algae for Biofuel

• 5.1.4.3 Farm-Level Energy Trading Platforms

5.2 Waste Management & Recycling Engineering

5.2.1 Organic Waste to Value Engineering

• 5.2.1.1 Composting Units (urban + rural)

• 5.2.1.2 Vermicompost Production Enterprises

• 5.2.1.3 Biorefineries (converting crop waste into chemicals, plastics, energy)

5.2.2 Plastic & Packaging Waste Recycle Engineering

• 5.2.2.1 Recycling of Agri-Plastics (mulch, drip pipes)

• 5.2.2.2 Biodegradable Packaging Startups

• 5.2.2.3 Upcycling Agri Residues into Packaging

5.2.3 E-Waste & Agri-Machinery Scrap Engineering

• 5.2.3.1 Recycling Farm Electronics (sensors, drones)

• 5.2.3.2 Scrap Yard Models for Old Machinery

5.2.4 Urban-Rural Linkages Systems Design

• 5.2.4.1 City Waste to Village Compost Programs

• 5.2.4.2 Reverse Logistics for Recycling Chains

5.3 Water Resources, Purification & Recycling Engineering

5.3.1 Water Treatment Technologies

• 5.3.1.1 Farm-Scale RO Plants

• 5.3.1.2 Nano-Filtration Units for Villages

• 5.3.1.3 Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater

5.3.2 Wastewater Reuse Engineering

• 5.3.2.1 Treated Sewage for Irrigation

• 5.3.2.2 Industrial Effluent Recycling in Agro-Clusters

5.3.3 Water Harvesting & Conservation Engineering

• 5.3.3.1 Rooftop Harvesting Systems

• 5.3.3.2 Percolation Pits & Check Dams

• 5.3.3.3 Community Tank Desilting

5.3.4 Smart Water Platforms Systems Design

• 5.3.4.1 IoT-Based Water Monitoring Systems

• 5.3.4.2 Digital Water Credit Exchanges

5.4 Circular Economy Models in Food & Agriculture

5.4.1 Crop Residue Management

• 5.4.1.1 Rice Straw to Biogas/Energy (Parali Solutions)

• 5.4.1.2 Straw Pellets for Power Plants

• 5.4.1.3 Mushroom Cultivation on Agro-Waste

5.4.2 Food Loss & Waste Utilization Management

• 5.4.2.1 Surplus Food Recovery Platforms

• 5.4.2.2 Food Waste to Animal Feed

• 5.4.2.3 Expired Food to Bioenergy

5.4.3 Industrial Symbiosis Systems Desing

• 5.4.3.1 Agro-Industrial Parks Using Waste Heat

• 5.4.3.2 Brewery Waste to Animal Feed

• 5.4.3.3 Sugarcane Bagasse for Paper & Bio-Plastics

5.4.4 Community-Led Circularity Design

• 5.4.4.1 Farmer Producer Groups Recycling Models

• 5.4.4.2 Local Bio-Economy Enterprises

5.5 Carbon & Climate Action System Design

5.5.1 Carbon Farming System

• 5.5.1.1 Low-Carbon Rice (Alternate Wetting & Drying)

• 5.5.1.2 Regenerative Cropping Models

• 5.5.1.3 Biochar Application

5.5.2 Carbon Finance & Credits Systems

• 5.5.2.1 Carbon Credit Aggregators for Farmers

• 5.5.2.2 Digital MRV (Monitoring, Reporting, Verification) Platforms

• 5.5.2.3 Voluntary Carbon Markets Access

5.5.3 Climate-Smart Advisory Services

• 5.5.3.1 AI-Based Weather & Climate Prediction Startups

• 5.5.3.2 Advisory on Resilient Crops & Practices

5.6 Pollution Control & Remediation Engineering

5.6.1 Air Pollution Solutions Engineering

• 5.6.1.1 Crop Residue Burning Alternatives

• 5.6.1.2 Smog Towers in Agri Markets

• 5.6.1.3 Farm-Based Air Quality Monitors

5.6.2 Soil Remediation Engineering

• 5.6.2.1 Heavy Metal Removal via Phytoremediation

• 5.6.2.2 Soil Detox Units (Bio-Remediation)

5.6.3 Water Pollution Control Engineering

• 5.6.3.1 Nitrate/Phosphate Runoff Management Tools

• 5.6.3.2 Constructed Floating Wetlands

5.7 Sustainable Materials & Green Substitutes Engineering

5.7.1 Biodegradable Materials Engineering

• 5.7.1.1 Bio-Plastics from Starch/Corn

• 5.7.1.2 Banana Fiber Packaging

• 5.7.1.3 Coconut Shell Products

5.7.2 Alternative Construction Materials Engineering

• 5.7.2.1 Fly Ash Bricks from Agro Waste

• 5.7.2.2 Bamboo-Based Construction Boards

5.7.3 Sustainable Textiles Engineering

• 5.7.3.1 Hemp & Jute Textiles

• 5.7.3.2 Agri Waste to Fabric (Pineapple Leather, Orange Peel Fabric)

5.8 Biodiversity & Ecosystem Design & technologies

5.8.1 Conservation Startups Development

• 5.8.1.1 Native Seed Conservation Enterprises

• 5.8.1.2 Community-Led Biodiversity Parks

5.8.2 Ecosystem Payment Models Development

• 5.8.2.1 PES (Payment for Ecosystem Services) Platforms

• 5.8.2.2 Eco-Credit Systems for Farmers

5.8.3 Pollination Services Engineering and Development

• 5.8.3.1 Beekeeping for Pollination & Honey

• 5.8.3.2 Drone-Pollination Prototypes

5.9 Green Finance & Impact Investing Management

5.9.1 Green Bonds & Funds Management

• 5.9.1.1 Renewable Energy Bonds for Farmers

• 5.9.1.2 Climate Adaptation Funds

5.9.2 Impact Measurement Platforms Development

• 5.9.2.1 ESG Metrics for Agri Enterprises

• 5.9.2.2 Farm-Level Sustainability Scorecards

5.9.3 Blended Finance Models Development

• 5.9.3.1 Public-Private Funds for Circular Economy

• 5.9.3.2 CSR + Farmer Network Collaborations